Valve ea Tlhahlobo ea Bolo
Ho kgutlela morao ke bothata ba hlooho tsamaisong ya diphaephe. Ha pompo e emisa, mokelikeli o kgutlela morao. Phallo eo e tshohanyetso ya ho kgutlela morao e ka senya diphaephe, dimithara, esita le diphaephe tse phatlohileng. Valve ya ho hlahloba bolo ke tharollo e bonolo le e tshepahalang bothateng bona.
Haeba o batla valve e sa kgutliseng bakeng sa kalafo ya metsi, tekanyo ya dikhemikhale, kapa nosetso, tataiso ena e tla o thusa ho utlwisisa hantle seo valve ya ho hlahloba bolo e se etsang le hore na o ka kgetha e nepahetseng jwang.
Ke engValve ea Tlhahlobo ea Bolo?
Valve ea ho hlahloba bolo e sebelisa bolo e phaphametseng ka bolokolohi ho lumella phallo ka lehlakoreng le leng le ho e thibela ka lehlakoreng le leng. Nahana ka eona e le monyako o lebang lehlakoreng le le leng. Ha mokelikeli o phalla pele, o sutumelletsa bolo setulong sa oona. Ha phallo e emisa kapa e leka ho khutlela morao, bolo e qobelloa ho khutlela setulong, e leng se etsang hore ho be thata ho e tiisa.
Tšobotsi ea bohlokoa ke efe? Bolo ke eona feela karolo e tsamaeang. Ha ho na li-spring, ha ho na lihinge, ha ho na li-diaphragm. Mokhoa oo o bonolo o etsa hore li-valve tsa ho hlahloba bolo li tšoarelle ka mokhoa o makatsang.
Valve ea ho Hlahloba Bolo e Sebetsa Joang?
Ho bonolo. Ka hare ho 'mele oa valve ho na le bolo - hangata e le tšepe e tiileng, tšepe e sa ruseng e se nang letho, kapa e koahetsoeng ka rabara. Bolo e lutse setulong.
- Phallo ea pele: Kgatelelo ya mokelikeli e phahamisa bolo setulong. Bolo e thellisa ka thoko, mme mokelikeli o feta sebakeng se pakeng tsa bolo le mmele.
- Phallo e khutlelang morao: Kgatelelo ya mokokotlo e sutumelletsa bolo morao setulong. Ha phallo e kgutlelang morao e leka ka thata, bolo e tiya haholo.
Meralo e meng e sebelisa likhopo tse tataisang kapa kamore e ka hare ho 'mele ho boloka bolo e le bohareng le ho tsamaea hantle.
Melemo ea Bohlokoa ea Li-valve tsa ho Hlahloba Libolo
Ha ho bapisoa le li-valve tsa ho hlahloba swing kapa li-valve tsa ho hlahloba lift, li-valve tsa ho hlahloba bolo li fana ka melemo e 'maloa e sebetsang:
1. Ho tiisa hantle haholo, ho dutla ho fokolang
Bolo e kgomarela setulo ka mola kapa ka lesale le lesesaane. Ha bokaholimo boo ka bobedi bo phethetswe hantle, o fumana ho dutla ho batlang ho se na letho. Di-valve tsa ho hlahloba ho tjheka hangata di a dutla ha ditshila di kgomarela tlasa diski – bothata ha bo yo mona.
2. E mamella mecha ea litaba e litšila
Bolo e a potoloha le ho bilika ha mokelikeli o phalla. Ketso eo ea ho bilika e atisa ho tlosa likaroloana tse nyane. Bakeng sa metsi a litšila kapa metsi a potolohang a nang le lintho tse ling tse tiileng, li-valve tsa ho hlahloba bolo li tšoarella haholo ho feta meralo e meng e mengata.
3. Ho theoha ha khatello e tlase
Ha bolo e butswe ka botlalo, e dula kantle ho tsela ya phallo ka ho feletseng. Mokoti o batla o le boholo bo feletseng, kahoo tahlehelo ya kgatello e tlase haholo ho feta di-valve tsa ho hlahloba di-lift.
4. E sebetsa ka ho rapama, le ka ho otloloha (ka hloko)
Valve e tloaelehileng ea ho hlahloba bolo e phaphametseng ke ea mela e otlolohileng. Empa mefuta e thusang ka selemo e teng bakeng sa phallo e otlolohileng e eang holimo. Tse ling ka seo hamorao.
5. Ho bonolo haholo ho e hlokomela
Tlosa sekoahelo, ntsha bolo, e hlakole, hlahloba setulo – ke phetho. Motho a le mong a ka se etsa ka metsotso e leshome.
Lisebelisoa tse Tloaelehileng le Metsi ao li a Sebetsang
Ho khetha thepa e nepahetseng ho etsa phapang e kholo. Mona ke metsoako e tloaelehileng haholo e sebelisoang tšimong:
| Lisebelisoa tsa Bolo | Lisebelisoa tsa 'Mele | Mecha ea phatlalatso e tloaelehileng |
|---|---|---|
| Tšepe e sa ruseng (304/316) | Tšepe e sa ruseng (CF8/CF8M) | Metsi a senyang, li-acid tse bonolo, li-solvent, oli |
| Bolo e koahetsoeng ka rabara (EPDM/NBR) | Tšepe e lahliloeng kapa tšepe e ductile | Likhoerekhoere, metsi a leoatle, marotholi a nang le lintho tse nyenyane tse tiileng |
| Bolo e tiileng ea PTFE kapa e koahetsoeng ke PFA | 'Mele oa valve o nang le mela | Li-acid tse matla, li-alkali tse matla, lik'hemik'hale tse hloekileng haholo |
| Bolo ea koporo | Koporo kapa boronse | Metsi a hloekileng, moea o nang le khatello e tlase, oli ea mafura |
Keletso ea 'nete: Haeba karolo ea hau ea ho phuthela e na le lintho tse nang le likhoele - joalo ka pampiri ea pampiri kapa likhoele tsa masela - bolo e ka phutheloa. Tabeng eo, u se ke ua sebelisa valve ea ho hlahloba bolo. Sebelisa valve ea heke ea thipa kapa valve ea ho hlahloba duckbill. Li-valve tsa ho hlahloba bolo li sebetsa hantle ka lintho tse tiileng tse nang le granular kapa tse rollang.
Likopo tse Tloaelehileng (Moo U tla li Fumana Teng)
- Mekhoa ea kalafo le phepelo ea metsi– Lithapo tsa ho ntsha metsi ka pompe ho thibela tshenyo ya hamore ya metsi.
- Ho nosetsa le temo– Matlo a ho pompo ea tšimo. Theko e tlase, e thata, le lehlabathe li ke ke tsa li bolaea habonolo.
- Tekanyo ea lik'hemik'hale– Ho lekanya phallo ea pompo. E sebetsa ka valve ea khatello ea morao ho thibela phallo e khutlelang ka har'a litanka tsa lik'hemik'hale.
- Lijo le lino tse tahang– Mefuta ea tšepe e sa ruseng. E loketse mela ea ho khutlisa ea CIP.
- Likepe tsa metsing le tsa mose ho maoatle– Methapo ea ballast, litsamaiso tsa bilge. E hanela ho bola ha metsi a leoatle.
- Kalafo ea metsi a litšila– Mela ya seretse e tswang ho di-clarifiers tsa mantlha, mela ya moya bakeng sa di-diffuser (sebedisa bolo e manehilweng ka rabara).
Mokhoa oa ho Khetha Valve e Nepahetseng ea ho Hlahloba Bolo - Lipotso tse Hlano
Pele o reka, ipotse lipotso tsena:
1. Na mecha ea phatlalatso e na le likaroloana tse kholo kapa likhoele?
Lifaeba → qoba li-valve tsa ho hlahloba bolo. Likaroloana tse thata (lehlabathe, slag ea ho welding) → li ntle, empa kenya Y-strainer holimo.
2. Tlhomamiso e otlolohileng kapa e otlolohileng?
E otlolohileng → mofuta o tloaelehileng o phaphametseng o lokolohileng. E otlolohileng e nang le phallo e eang holimo → o hloka mohlala o thusoang ke spring (ba bang ba o bitsa valve e otlolohileng ea ho hlahloba bolo).
3. Mocheso le kgatello ke bokae?
Metsi a hloekileng a ka tlase ho 80°C (176°F) → 'mele oa tšepe e entsoeng ka tšepe e nang le bolo e koahetsoeng ka rabara. Mocheso o phahameng (ka holimo ho 150°C / 302°F) → tšepe e sa ruseng e felletseng e nang le bolo e lutseng ka tšepe.
4. Ho palama baesekele khafetsa?
Haeba valve e buleha le ho kwala ka makhetlo a mangata ka hora, bolo le setulo li tla senyeha kapele. Bakeng sa lebelo le phahameng la ho palama baesekele, nahana ka valve e sa bueng kapa valve e nang le selemo ea ho hlahloba.
5. Boholo bo bokae?
Hangata li-valve tsa ho hlahloba bolo li etsoa ho fihlela ho DN300 (lisenthimithara tse 12). Ha bolo e le kholo ho feta moo, e ba boima haholo bakeng sa ho tiisoa ka mokhoa o tšepahalang.
Ho Kenya le Tlhokomelo – U se ke Ua Etsa Liphoso Tsena
Malebela a ho Kenya
- Latela motsu oa phallo– E lahleloa 'meleng. E kenye ka morao 'me ha u na mosebetsi oa ho hlahloba ho hang.
- Mola o otlolohileng? Sekoahelo se ea holimo– Bolo e hloka matla a khoheli hore e oele setulong hape. Haeba o kenya sekoahelo tlase, bolo e tla wa setulong mme e dutle.
- U se ke ua e tlama ka ho toba ho soketeng ea pompo– Tlohela phaephe e otlolohileng (bonyane bophara ba phaephe tse 5) pakeng tsa pompo le valve. Pherekano e ka hare ho pompo e ka etsa hore bolo e thekesele le ho senyeha kapele.
- Likhokahano tse nang le khoele– Ha o sebedisa theipi ya PTFE, o se ke wa dumella di-tape shreds ho kena ka hare. Di-shreds tseo di ka jam bolo.
Tlhokomelo ea Kamehla
Li-valve tsa ho hlahloba bolo ha li hloke tlhokomelo. Empa ela hloko matšoao ana a hore ho na le ho hong ho phoso:
- Molumo o sa khaotseng oa "ho korotla" ka mor'a hore pompo e eme
- Tekanyo ea khatello e theohelang tlase e theoha butle-butle
- Molumo o kokotang oa tšepe o nang le morethetho
Mokhoa oa ho hlahloba le ho hloekisa:
1. Fokotsa khatello ea mali 'me u ntše metsi moleng.
2. Tlosa diboutu tsa sekoahelo. Ntsha bolo le sekwahelo sa setulo.
3. Hlahloba bokaholimo ba bolo bakeng sa masoba, mengoapo, kapa ho robeha ho sa lekanang.
4. Hlahloba bokaholimo ba ho kwala setulo bakeng sa mapetso.
5. Hloekisa ntho e 'ngoe le e 'ngoe. Litulo tse nyane li ka koaheloa. Bakeng sa ho robeha ho boima, nkela setulo le bolo sebaka.
6. Ntlha e mabapi le di-valve tse theko e tlase: tse ngata di sebedisa dibolo tsa tshepe e sa ruseng tse se nang letho. Ha nako e ntse e ya, di ka senyeha ho tloha kahare mmeHo putlama. Sebelisa libolo tse tiileng kapa libolo tse koahetsoeng ka rabara ka botlalo ha ho khoneha.
Lipotso Tse Botsoang Khafetsa (Lipotso Tse Botsoang Khafetsa)
P: Na valve ea ho hlahloba bolo e ka kenngoa ka holimo?
K: Mofuta o tloaelehileng oa ho phaphamala ka bolokolohi ke oa mela e otlolohileng feela. Bakeng sa mela e otlolohileng e phallang holimo, o tlameha ho sebelisa valve ea ho hlahloba bolo e otlolohileng e thusoang ke spring. Ho seng joalo, bolo e tla oela setulong 'me e se ke ea buleha.
P: Na e thibela hamore ea metsi?
K: Tjhe. Valve ya ho hlahloba bolo e kwala ka potlako, e leng se ka etsang hamore e nyane ya metsi. Haeba o na le phaephe e telele e nang le lebelo le phahameng la phallo, nahana ka valve ya ho hlahloba e kwalang butle kapa kenya sethibelo sa hamore ya metsi.
P: Bolo e koahetsoeng ka rabara khahlanong le bolo ea tšepe e sa hloekang - ke efe e betere?
K: Ho itshetlehile ka mokelikeli. Metsi a hlwekileng kapa dikgwerekgwere → bolo e manehilweng ka rabara e fana ka ho kwala ho betere mme e theko e tlase. Mocheso o phahameng, oli, kapa dikhemikhale → tshepe e sa ruseng e felletseng. Le ka mohla o se ke wa sebedisa dibolo tse manehilweng ka rabara tse nang le di-solvent kapa mouoane o chesang.
P: Ke hobane'ng ha valve ea ka ea ho hlahloba bolo e lutla kamora likhoeli tse tšeletseng feela?
K: Ho ka etsahala hore khoholeho e be teng ka lebaka la dikarolwana tse thata tse ka hara mehala ya motlakase – lehlabathe, mafome, kapa sekala. Bolo le setulo di a senyeha. Tharollo: kenya sesefa hodimo, kapa o fetisetse ho thepa ya setulo e thatafaditsweng (stellite kapa ceramic).
P: Kgatelelo e tlase ya ho petsoha ke efe?
K: Bakeng sa valve ea ho hlahloba bolo e phaphametseng ka bolokolohi, hangata ke 0.005 – 0.03 MPa (hoo e ka bang 0.05 – 0.3 bar). Ke hoo e ka bang limithara tse 0.5 ho isa ho tse 3 tsa kholomo ea metsi. Bakeng sa litsamaiso tsa phallo ea matla a khoheli, seo se bonolo ho se finyella.
Valve ea ho hlahloba bolo ha se ea theknoloji e phahameng. Empa e ka tšeptjoa, e theko e tlase, 'me e bonolo ho e lokisa. Ke ka lebaka leo baenjiniere ba bangata ba e khethang bakeng sa litšebeletso tsa metsi a hloekileng, likhoerekhoere le lik'hemik'hale tse bobebe. Fumana lintho tse tharo tse nepahetseng - mofuta oa media (ha ho na likhoele), tataiso ea ho kenya, le ho lumellana ha thepa - 'me valve ea ho hlahloba bolo e tla nka lilemo tse hlano ho isa ho tse leshome habonolo.
——————
Haeba o na le ts'ebeliso e itseng (boholo, mokelikeli, mocheso, khatello) mme o sa kholiseha hore na valve ea ho hlahloba bolo ke khetho e nepahetseng, hlalosa maemo a phaephe ea hau.ikopanyeMafapha a rona a Theknoloji le a Thekiso.
Lisebelisoa tsa Lihlahisoa tsa Moetsi oa Newsway Valve
TheMoetsi oa Valve oa Chaenaho tloha hoChaena, 'mele oa li-valve tsa eona le thepa ea ho khabisa li ka fanoa kaE entsoemofuta leHo lahlamofuta. Haufi leTs'epe e sa beng le mabalileTšepe ea Khabonethepa, le ronali-valve tsa tlhahisoka thepa e khethehileng e kang titanium, li-alloy tsa nickel, HASTELLOY®*, INCOLOY®, MONEL®, Alloy 20, li-alloy tse nang le li-super-duplex, tse hanang ho bola le thepa ea sehlopha sa urea.
Lisebelisoa tsa Valve tse fumanehang
| Lebitso la khoebo | Nomoro ea UNS | Nomoro ea Werkstoff | Ho betla | Ho lahla |
| Tšepe ea k'habone | K30504 | 1.0402 | A105 | A216 WCB |
| Tšepe ea k'habone | 1.046 | A105N | ||
| Tšepe ea k'habone ea mocheso o tlase | K03011 | 1.0508 | A350 LF2 | A352 LCB |
| Tšepe e nang le chai e phahameng | K03014 | A694 F60 | ||
| Tšepe ea nikeli tse 3 1/2 | K32025 | 1.5639 | A350 LF3 | A352 LC3 |
| 5 Chrome, 1/2 Moly | K41545 | 1.7362 | A182 F5 | A217 C5 |
| 1 1/4 Chrome, 1/2 Moly | K11572 | 1.7733 | A182 F11 | A217 WC6 |
| K11597 | 1.7335 | |||
| 2 1/4 Chrome, 1/2 Moly | K21590 | 1.738 | A182 F22 | A217 WC9 |
| 9 Chrome, 1 Moly | K90941 | 1.7386 | A182 F9 | A217 CW6 |
| X 12 Chrome, 091 Moly | K91560 | 1.4903 | A182 F91 | A217 C12 |
| 13 Chrome | S41000 | A182 F6A | A351 CA15 | |
| 17-4PH | S17400 | 1.4542 | A564 630 | |
| 254 SMo | S31254 | 1.4547 | A182 F44 | A351 CK3MCuN |
| 304 | S30400 | 1.4301 | A182 F304 | A351 CF8 |
| 304L | S30403 | 1.4306 | A182 F304L | A351 CF3 |
| 310S | S31008 | 1.4845 | A182 F310S | A351 CK20 |
| 316 | S31600 | 1.4401 | A182 F316 | A351 CF8M |
| S31600 | 1.4436 | |||
| 316L | S31603 | 1.4404 | A182 F316L | A351 CF3M |
| 316Ti | S31635 | 1.4571 | A182 F316Ti | |
| 317L | S31703 | 1.4438 | A182 F317L | A351CG8M |
| 321 | S32100 | 1.4541 | A182 F321 | |
| 321H | S32109 | 1.4878 | A182 F321H | |
| 347 | S34700 | 1.455 | A182 F347 | A351 CF8C |
| 347H | S34709 | 1.4961 | A182 F347H | |
| 410 | S41000 | 1.4006 | A182 F410 | |
| 904L | N08904 | 1.4539 | A182 F904L | |
| 'Metli oa mapolanka 20 | N08020 | 2.466 | B462 N08020 | A351 CN7M |
| Duplex 4462 | S31803 | 1.4462 | A182 F51 | A890 Gr 4A |
| SAF 2507 | S32750 | 1.4469 | A182 F53 | A890 Gr 6A |
| Zeron 100 | S32760 | 1.4501 | A182 F55 | A351 GR CD3MWCuN |
| Ferralium® 255 | S32550 | 1.4507 | A182 F61 | |
| Nicrofer 5923 hMo | N06059 | 2.4605 | B462 N06059 | |
| Nikele 200 | N02200 | 2.4066 | B564 N02200 | |
| Nikele 201 | N02201 | 2.4068 | B564 N02201 | |
| Monel® 400 | N04400 | 2.436 | B564 N04400 | A494 M35-1 |
| Monel® K500 | N05500 | 2.4375 | B865 N05500 | |
| Incoloy® 800 | N08800 | 1.4876 | B564 N08800 | |
| Incoloy® 800H | N08810 | 1.4958 | B564 N08810 | |
| Incoloy® 800HT | N08811 | 1.4959 | B564 N08811 | |
| Incoloy® 825 | N08825 | 2.4858 | B564 N08825 | |
| Inconel® 600 | N06600 | 2.4816 | B564 N06600 | A494 CY40 |
| Inconel® 625 | N06625 | 2.4856 | B564 N06625 | A494 CW 6MC |
| Hastelloy® B2 | N10665 | 2.4617 | B564 N10665 | A494 N 12MV |
| Hastelloy® B3 | N10675 | 2.46 | B564 N10675 | |
| Hastelloy® C22 | N06022 | 2.4602 | B574 N06022 | A494 CX2MW |
| Hastelloy® C276 | N10276 | 2.4819 | B564 N10276 | |
| Hastelloy® C4 | N06455 | 2.461 | B574 N06455 | |
| Titanium GR. 1 | R50250 | 3.7025 | B381 F1 | B367 C1 |
| Titanium GR. 2 | R50400 | 3.7035 | B381 F2 | B367 C2 |
| Titanium GR. 3 | R50550 | 3.7055 | B381 F3 | B367 C3 |
| Titanium GR. 5 | R56400 | 3.7165 | B381 F5 | B367 C5 |
| Titanium GR. 7 | R52400 | 3.7235 | B381 F7 | B367 C7 |
| Titanium GR. 12 | R53400 | 3.7225 | B381 F12 | B367 C12 |
| Zirconium® 702 | R60702 | B493 R60702 | ||
| Zirconium® 705 | R60705 | B493 R60705 |
















